Setup of FMC – CLI (you might be prompted for sudo password then provide the same password as used when loging in) 11. Checking the interfaces on FMC and ensuring proper addressing: 12. First GUI login comes up after typing the IP address (or FMC’s FQDN) set during installation. To login use exactly the same credentials as used for CLI. Adding a virtual or a physical FTD appliance to the FMC is a fairly simple process. In this post I will show you how to do it and we will be working on an FMC appliance running version 6.6.0. Cisco just released the version 6.6.0 which has a few new features and a bunch of improvements. The guide is talking about devices, not the FMC, and says this explicitly: For the Firepower Threat Defense, NGIPSv, and ASA FirePOWER, you must add internal users at the CLI. You cannot add users at the CLI on the Firepower Management Center and 7000 and 8000 Series. The Firepower SSL Decryption feature allows you to block encrypted traffic without inspection or inspect encrypted that would otherwise be unable to be inspected. In order for the FTD to decrypt the traffic the FTD must resign all certificates of websites, this is achieved by a Man in the Middle (MITM) attack. After hours of looking at Cisco and youtube, I understand only to manage the Firepower module, install/boot up module and manage with FMC (health, system, platform policy). But so far, all never mentions how to manage the Firewall Policy in Cisco ASA and integrate with the Firepower.
This post should help you to understand the Firepower sensor registration in Firepower Management Center process and uncover the communication specifics between firepower components. I will also give you some additional hints what to check to verify the registration. In order to make troubleshooting easier there will be dedicated troubleshooting post later on.
1. High level diagrams of the communication
2.Sensor and Firepower Management Center configuration
To follow the registration process I will capture the traffic between these two devices.
configure manager add 192.168.0.200 CiscoKEY
Manager successfully configured.
Please make note of reg_key as this will be required while adding Device in FMC.
Set the capture on the FMC:
$sudo su
root@FMC:/Volume/home/admin# tcpdump -c 200 port 8305 -n
HS_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE is set to 4.
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
11:53:35.363876 IP 192.168.0.201.59968 > 192.168.0.200.8305: Flags [S], seq 809749175, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 70783697 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
11:53:35.363912 IP 192.168.0.200.8305 > 192.168.0.201.59968: Flags [R.], seq 0, ack 809749176, win 0, length 0
11:53:57.378569 IP 192.168.0.201.59544 > 192.168.0.200.8305: Flags [S], seq 884680013, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 70785899 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
11:53:57.378597 IP 192.168.0.200.8305 > 192.168.0.201.59544: Flags [R.], seq 0, ack 884680014, win 0, length 0
11:54:19.388274 IP 192.168.0.201.35685 > 192.168.0.200.8305: Flags [S], seq 4095914441, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 70788100 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
11:54:19.388315 IP 192.168.0.200.8305 > 192.168.0.201.35685: Flags [R.], seq 0, ack 4095914442, win 0, length 0
^C
6 packets captured
6 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
root@FMC:/Volume/home/admin#
FMC sends Reset TCP flags, on every SYN attempt of the FTD.
FMC device registration:
Go to Devices -> Device management -> add
Figure 1:
Enter the sensor details and click on register. Be careful with the Registration key. It should be the same on the both devices.
Figure 2. Filling the sensor details.
On the backplane I will sniff the connection again. This time I will capture the traffic on a pcap file and I will follow the communication on Wireshark. We see that the Firepower Management Center initializes the communication to the sensor. Packet #3 SYN to 8305 originating from the FMC.
Figure 3
Now you can see your sensor added to the FMC.
Figure 4
3. When and how to use DONTRESOLVE option?
The FMC sends request which is NATed by an edge device (static NAT is required). The FTD receives the SYN but does not compare the IP with its configuration manager, but it compares the NAT ID. If the NAT ID is the same, then FTD accepts the request. Then show managers – shows UUID instead of IP address.
Example:
FTD>configure manager add DONTRESOLVE CiscoKEY CiscoNATID
> show managers
Type : Manager
Host : b1df2948-336c-11e8-8add-fdb0f922f231DONTRESOLVE
Registration : Completed
FMC>
Figure 5
If there is not a Static NAT record on the device in between, it is normal to see the following message. You must also define a ACL to permit the traffic.
Figure 6 – Error saying “Could not establish a connection with the sensor“.
In my lab, I will use ASAv to translate FTD management IP. On screenshot of the FTD console we can see that 192.168.0.200 initialized the connection to 1.1.1.11 on port 8305. Now there are no Reset TCP flags and the registration is done.
Figure 7 Registration to FMC is completed
4. How to check if FMC management port 8305 is open?
Firepower Management Center is a linux appliance by its nature. Frankly it is being called Cisco Fire Linux OS. This box communicates with its networks sensors (FTD, SFR, Firepower) through port 8305. To be sure that the registration process between the FMC and the sensor is established you may use basic Linux commands:
Cisco Fire Linux OS v6.2.2 (build 11)
Cisco Firepower Management Center for VMWare v6.2.2 (build 81)
admin@FMC:~$ netstat -an | grep 8305
admin@FMC:~$
If you see no output, it means the FMC does not communicate with sensors and it is not even attempting to communicate.
Once the FMC is configured to expect a new communication on port 8305, you can see the socket is open:
root@FMC:/Volume/home/admin# netstat -an |grep 8305
tcp 0 0 192.168.0.200:8305 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
5. How to delete a sensor?
It is highly recommended to delete a sensor from the FMC if you want to reimage it and add it again to the FMC. If you miss to delete the sensor you may hit problems while adding it again.
Devices->Device management -> trash bin icon of the sensor
Figure 8. Deleting sensor from FMC
Or you may want to deploy a new FMC and add your sensor to it? Then you may go to the FTD CLI and execute >configure manager delete
Figure 9
If you try to delete the manager from the FTD directly, then you will see an error message: Mac miller acapella download.
> configure manager delete
Operation Failed. Please unregister/delete the appliance from its manager, 192.168.0.200
It is important to know that the policy will be working even if the sensor is being deleted from the FMC. It handles the same access control policy until another FMC is registered and pushes its own policies.
Also important to know is that newly added sensor to the new FMC will fetch the policies from it. See Figure 2. You will see that you choose the ACP during the registration process.
This is how the Access control policies look like on the FTD:
show access-control-config
[ GeekyPolicy ]
Description : Geek
Default Action : Block
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Rule Hits : 1249
[ Security Intelligence – Network Whitelist ]
Name : Global-Whitelist (List)
IP Count : 0
Zone : any
[ Security Intelligence – Network Blacklist ]
Logging Configuration : Enabled
DC : Enabled
———————[ Block ]———————-
Name : Malware (Feed)
Zone : any
Name : Tor_exit_node (Feed)
Zone : Outside_zone
Name : Global-Blacklist (List)
IP Count : 0
Zone : any
[ Security Intelligence – URL Whitelist ]
Name : Global-Whitelist-for-URL (List)
URL Count : 0
Zone : any
[ Security Intelligence – URL Blacklist ]
Logging Configuration : Enabled
DC : Enabled
———————[ Block ]———————-
Name : Global-Blacklist-for-URL (List)
URL Count : 0
Zone : any
[ Security Intelligence – DNS Policy ]
Name : Default DNS Policy
Logging Configuration : Enabled
DC : Enabled
[ Rule Set: (User) ]
————-[ Rule: Allow_local_FTP ]————–
Action : Allow
Intrusion Policy : FTP_inspect
ISE Metadata :
Source Networks : Inside_network (10.0.0.0/24)
IPv4-Private-192.168.0.0-16 (192.168.0.0/16)
Destination Networks : Inside_network (10.0.0.0/24)
IPv4-Private-192.168.0.0-16 (192.168.0.0/16)
Application : FTP (165)
Application : FTP Active (4002)
Application : FTP Data (166)
Application : FTP Passive (4003)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Enabled
Comments
Username : admin
Timestamp : 50139-01-10 11:23:20
Message : Add file policy with detection of media files and report file names later
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
File Policy : Block_PDF_inspect_EXE_detect_media_store_archives
Variable Set : Custom_FTP_variable_set
————–[ Rule: Block_Youtube ]—————
Action : Block
ISE Metadata :
Application : YouTube (929)
Application : Youtube Upload (2107)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
Variable Set : Default-Set
—————[ Rule: Block_DIR.BG ]—————
Action : Block
ISE Metadata :
URLs
URL Entry : dir.bg
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
Variable Set : Default-Set
————[ Rule: Interactive_moreto ]————
Action : Block-with-http-bypass
ISE Metadata :
URLs
URL Entry : moreto.net
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
Variable Set : Default-Set
—————-[ Rule: SSH_Allow ]—————–
Action : Allow
ISE Metadata :
Source Networks : 10.0.0.14
10.0.0.13
Destination Networks : 192.168.0.200
Destination Ports : SSH (protocol 6, port 22)
Application : Filter: Ssh
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
Variable Set : Default-Set
————-[ Rule: Inspect_browsers ]————-
Action : Allow
Intrusion Policy : CyberGeeks_Snort_rules
ISE Metadata :
Source Networks : Inside_network (10.0.0.0/24)
Destination Ports : HTTP (protocol 6, port 80)
HTTPS (protocol 6, port 443)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Enabled
Files : Enabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
File Policy : Block_PDF_inspect_EXE_detect_media_store_archives
Variable Set : Default-Set
Adding Firepower Module To Fmc
—————–[ Rule: TrustRDP ]—————–
Action : Fast-path
ISE Metadata :
Source Networks : Inside_network (10.0.0.0/24)
OpenVPN_10.8.0.0 (10.8.0.0/16)
IPv4-Private-192.168.0.0-16 (192.168.0.0/16)
Application : RDP (803)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 50
Variable Set : Default-Set
——————-[ Rule: DNS ]——————–
Action : Allow
ISE Metadata :
Application : DNS (617)
Application : OpenDNS (2704)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 163
Variable Set : Default-Set
————[ Rule: ICMP_IPS_test_zone ]————
Action : Allow
Intrusion Policy : CyberGeeks_Snort_rules
ISE Metadata :
Destination Ports : ICMP_Geeky (protocol 1)
URLs
Logging Configuration
DC : Enabled
Beginning : Enabled
End : Disabled
Files : Disabled
Safe Search : No
Rule Hits : 0
Variable Set : Custom_FTP_variable_set
[ Advanced Settings ]
General Settings
Maximum URL Length : 1024
Interactive Block Bypass Timeout : 6
SSL Policy : DecryptMe
Do not retry URL cache miss lookup : No
Threat Intelligence Director Enabled: No
Inspect Traffic During Apply : Yes
Network Analysis and Intrusion Policies
Initial Intrusion Policy : No Rules Active
Initial Variable Set : Default-Set
Default Network Analysis Policy : Balanced Security and Connectivity
Files and Malware Settings
File Type Inspect Limit : 1460
Cloud Lookup Timeout : 2
Minimum File Capture Size : 6144
Maximum File Capture Size : 1048576
Min Dynamic Analysis Size : 6144
Max Dynamic Analysis Size : 1048576
Malware Detection Limit : 10485760
Transport/Network Layer Preprocessor Settings
Detection Settings
Ignore VLAN Tracking Connections : No
Maximum Active Responses : default
Minimum Response Seconds : default
Session Termination Log Threshold : 1048576
Detection Enhancement Settings
Adaptive Profile : Enabled
Attribute Update Interval : 5
Networks : 10.0.0.0/24, 192.168.0.0/24
Performance Settings
Event Queue
Maximum Queued Events : 5
Disable Reassembled Content Checks: False
Performance Statistics
Sample time (seconds) : 300
Minimum number of packets : 0
Summary : False
Log Session/Protocol Distribution : False
Regular Expression Limits
Match Recursion Limit : Default
Match Limit : Default
Rule Processing Configuration
Logged Events : 5
Maximum Queued Events : 8
Events Ordered By : Content Length
Intelligent Application Bypass Settings
State : Test
Bypassable Applications and Filters : 5 Applications/Filters
Drop Percentage : 3
Processor Utilization Percentage : 3
Latency-Based Performance Settings
Packet Handling : Enabled
Threshold (microseconds) : 256
Rule Handling
Violations Before Suspending Rule : 3
Threshold (microseconds) : 512
Suspension Time : 10
Add Firepower To Fmcsa
[ HTTP Block Response HTML ]
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Connection: close
Content-Length: 2245
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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<p>
<strong>You are attempting to access a grumpy cat.</strong><br/><br/>
Consult your system admin for details.
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[ Interactive Block HTML ]
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Connection: close
Content-Length: 869
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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</head>
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You may continue to the site by clicking on the button below.<br/>
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Add Asa Firepower To Fmc
In the next post I will provide some hints for the FMC and Firepower sensors troubleshooting to achieve right communication.